Where each fact begins
The source
shelf.
Product descriptions, certification records and research answer different questions. Here is what each source supports.
Source-specific access dates are listed below. Prices and listings can change.
Product page
CoreAge Rx — Strong Suit ↗
Fresh PDP shop links lead to the Strong Suit purchase landing page. Its $19/month headline is an annual-plan equivalent; the LP one-month offer is $39. Public product claims, not proof of finished-product clinical outcomes.
Checked 2026-09-27
Product page
Momentous — Creatine, 90 servings ↗
Current Signature Spec formula; unflavored 90-serving jar, $42.99 one-time and displayed introductory subscription amount $32.24. Future delivery discount differs.
Checked 2026-09-26
Product page
Klean Athlete — Klean Creatine ↗
5 g monohydrate, approximately 60 servings, other ingredients none; $34.50 displayed.
Checked 2026-09-26
Product page
Optimum Nutrition — Micronized Creatine Powder ↗
Selected US unflavored 60-serving variant: 5 g creatine monohydrate per serving and $20.49 before tax; other variants differ.
Checked 2026-09-26
Certification record
NSF — Momentous unflavored creatine entry ↗
Includes 450 g powder and 5 g serving; does not establish our testing of a purchased jar.
Checked 2026-09-26
Certification record
NSF — Momentous creatine lot listing ↗
Separate unflavored 450 g listing with specific lot identifiers. Match current product and lot, particularly after a sourcing change.
Checked 2026-09-26
Certification record
NSF — Klean Creatine listing ↗
Unflavored 315 g powder, 5 g serving and listed lot numbers.
Checked 2026-09-26
Certification record
Informed Choice — certified product index ↗
Index includes Optimum Nutrition Micronized Creatine Powder and distinct regional entries. Exact selected jar and batch match not completed.
Checked 2026-09-26
Program explanation
NSF — the Certified for Sport mark ↗
Label, contaminant and banned-substance checks; certification is not a clinical outcome guarantee.
Checked 2026-09-26
Evidence overview
NIH ODS — exercise and athletic performance ↗
Creatine and protein sections: different roles, exercise context, research protocols and safety boundaries.
Checked 2026-09-27
Regulator
FDA — using dietary supplements ↗
Supplement regulation, label reading and discussing use with a healthcare professional.
Checked 2026-09-26
Trial abstract
Fernandez-Garrido and colleagues — older-adult training trial, 2026 ↗
103 adults and 16-week training comparisons. Abstract reviewed; some authors disclose AlzChem support or consulting. No reviewed finished brand was compared.
Checked 2026-09-26
Trial abstract
Chilibeck and colleagues — two-year postmenopausal trial, 2023 ↗
237 women; primary bone-density outcome not improved. Abstract obtained through Europe PMC after PubMed page challenge. Selected secondary results differ.
Checked 2026-09-26
Trial abstract
Candow and colleagues — before-versus-after training trial, 2014 ↗
22 healthy older adults; 12 weeks; no between-group difference. Both groups received creatine. Abstract obtained through Europe PMC.
Checked 2026-09-26
Manufacturer resource
Momentous — certificate lookup ↗
Lookup route is public; no certificate for a purchased lot was independently evaluated.
Checked 2026-09-26
Manufacturer page
Nutricost regular Creatine Monohydrate Powder ↗
Regular unflavored powder kept separate from Creapure, flavors and energy blends. TinyFish page reviewed; direct rendered attempt redirected. Testing and GMP statements are manufacturer claims, with no independent current lot audit. Refund wording excludes shipping and handling.
Checked 2026-09-26
Manufacturer public catalog
Nutricost public 500g variant record ↗
Unflavored / 500 G variant 47484963291366, SKU NTC030101, listed $23.97. It is catalog evidence, not selected checkout, delivered price or renewal verification.
Checked 2026-09-26
Manufacturer label image
Nutricost regular unflavored 500g facts image ↗
Downloaded and visually inspected: one 5g scoop, 5g micronized creatine monohydrate, 100 servings, other ingredients none. Label declaration is not an independent assay or allergen audit.
Checked 2026-09-26
Rendered manufacturer page
BulkSupplements Creatine Monohydrate Powder ↗
Selected CM500 powder showed $23.97 one-time and $21.57 subscription, before checkout. 5g facts serving differs from separate approximately 7g maintenance wording; no regimen or automatic 100-day supply inferred. No purchased-lot test performed.
Checked 2026-09-26
Manufacturer label image
BulkSupplements 500g powder facts image ↗
Inspected image: two teaspoons/about 5g, 100 servings, 5g monohydrate, other ingredients none. Free-from declarations were not independently audited.
Checked 2026-09-26
Rendered manufacturer page
BulkSupplements Creatine Monohydrate Capsules ↗
Selected 420 gelatin capsules showed $26.96 one-time and $24.26 subscription. Final shipping/tax/renewal operation not tested. This format is not covered merely because an independent powder certification exists.
Checked 2026-09-26
Manufacturer label image
BulkSupplements 420-capsule facts image ↗
Inspected image: seven capsules per serving, 60 servings, 5,000mg monohydrate; bovine gelatin capsules under other ingredients. No clinical format-equivalence or capsule-modification claim.
Checked 2026-09-26
Independent certification listing
NSF Bulk Supplements unflavored creatine powder entry ↗
United States powder listing includes 100g, 250g, 425g, 500g and 1kg, two teaspoons/about 5g serving, and lots 2604101, 2604501, 2510210, R2603703, 2510310. No purchased bag matched. Do not extend to capsules or every batch.
Checked 2026-09-26
Randomized trial and full text
Lak and colleagues: creatine and hair outcomes, 2025 ↗
45 trained men ages 18–40 recruited, 38 completed 12 weeks. No significant group-by-time differences in measured hormones/hair outcomes. No study funding reported; several authors disclose supplement-industry roles/support. Not a long-term, older-adult, female or retail-brand guarantee.
Checked 2026-09-26
Trial abstract via Europe PMC
Van der Merwe and colleagues: androgen measures in rugby players, 2009 ↗
20 college-aged rugby players, three-week crossover study; DHT changes reported. Hair loss was not directly measured. Study protocol is not personal advice.
Checked 2026-09-26
Professional clinical information
American Academy of Dermatology: causes of hair loss ↗
Explains multiple causes and appropriate evaluation. A temporal association with a supplement does not establish causation or replace diagnosis.
Checked 2026-09-26
Trial abstract via TinyFish and Europe PMC
Blancquaert and colleagues: changing to a vegetarian diet, 2018 ↗
40 initially omnivorous women, six-month diet intervention with muscle biopsies through three months. Supplemented group received creatine plus beta-alanine. Store changes do not establish universal supplement need, clinical deficiency or daily-function benefit.
Checked 2026-09-26
Trial abstract and full text
Trexler and colleagues: coffee during creatine loading, 2016 ↗
54 active young men, five-day loading comparison. No significant supplementation performance advantage versus placebo; four mild GI complaints in creatine plus caffeine-anhydrous group. Not evidence for a mandatory spacing interval or older-adult routine.
Checked 2026-09-26
Trial abstract via TinyFish and Europe PMC
Pakulak and colleagues: creatine and caffeine during training ↗
28 trained young adults over six weeks; knee-extensor thickness interaction, no other between-group differences. Small groups, no universal coffee-cancellation or combined-superiority conclusion.
Checked 2026-09-26
Federal consumer guidance
FDA consumer caffeine guidance ↗
Total intake, individual sensitivity, medicines and symptoms matter. Population guidance is not a personalized caffeine target or a creatine-combination prescription.
Checked 2026-09-26
Clinical foundation guidance
National Kidney Foundation: creatinine ↗
Creatine supplements can affect creatinine interpretation. A result requires clinical context; this guide does not dismiss abnormal tests or provide a laboratory correction.
Checked 2026-09-26
Rendered manufacturer offer
Legion — Recharge, current selected product ↗
Strawberry Lemonade, about 30 servings: $44.99 one-time or $31.49 introductory subscription; future deliveries advertised 15% off, default interval 30 days. No checkout, tax/shipping quote, purchase or cancellation. Undated product page.
Checked 2026-09-27
Manufacturer panel, visually inspected
Legion — Strawberry Lemonade 30-serving facts image ↗
Approximate 12 g scoop: 5 g monohydrate, 2.5 g myHMB calcium HMB monohydrate, 500 mg VitaCherry Sport, 360 mg calcium, 15 calories, 2 g carbohydrate; about 30 servings. Other ingredients and facility allergen statement included in review. No delivered package inspection; image publication date not established from its path.
Checked 2026-09-27
Manufacturer version discrepancy
Legion — separate micronized creatine page ↗
Its Recharge comparison still names L-carnitine L-tartrate and corosolic acid, unlike the current inspected Strawberry Lemonade HMB/tart-cherry panel. Do not merge formulas or infer all stock has transitioned. No publication date supplied.
Checked 2026-09-27
Independent test directory
Labdoor — Recharge Unflavored ↗
Entry names Unflavored, lot 2412676, tested March 22, 2026. It was not matched to the selected Strawberry Lemonade formula or a delivered container. No borrowed score or clinical superiority claim.
Checked 2026-09-27
Independent test directory
Labdoor — Recharge Unflavored certification records ↗
Public lot and test-date records; warns linked purchases may not match tested lots. Does not establish testing of every flavor or current inventory.
Checked 2026-09-27
Seller policy
Legion — support and guarantee information ↗
Public refund language and shipping statements, with differing context-dependent thresholds in extracted page. No single universal free-shipping promise, refund eligibility adjudication, or transaction test.
Checked 2026-09-27
Primary research, available full text
Gordji-Nejad et al. — acute creatine during sleep deprivation (2024) ↗
Small crossover experiment, cognitive tasks and brain spectroscopy during roughly 21 hours awake. Selected favorable results do not establish sleep replacement or driving safety. Research protocol is not reader dosing advice. Published February 28, 2024.
Checked 2026-09-27
Primary research via Europe PMC abstract and full text
Gordji-Nejad et al. — lower single-dose sleep-deprivation study (2026) ↗
Published April 10, 2026. 29 healthy adults 20–40, double-blind randomized balanced crossover; selected cognitive outcomes improved, no retail-brand or driving trial. Retrospectively registered. Forschungszentrum Jülich funding; one author discloses external relationships. No raw-data reanalysis.
Checked 2026-09-27
Federal health information
NHLBI — how sleep affects health ↗
Published June 15, 2022. Sleep deficiency can impair cognition, reactions and driving; a cognitive task result is not clearance for hazardous activity.
Checked 2026-09-27
Federal health information
NHLBI — diagnosing sleep deprivation and deficiency ↗
Updated July 30, 2026. Clinical assessment considers sleep habits, daytime function, medical history and causes; no creatine treatment recommendation.
Checked 2026-09-27
Primary research via Europe PMC abstract and full text
Backx et al. — creatine and leg immobilization (2017) ↗
30 young men enrolled, 27 completed; seven days immobilization and one week recovery. No creatine advantage for preservation of muscle size/strength. TI Food and Nutrition public–private funding; industrial discussion, authors report no conflicts. Publication year 2017; not older-adult injury-care evidence.
Checked 2026-09-27
Primary research abstract via Europe PMC
Johnston et al. — upper-arm immobilization (2009) ↗
Seven men ages 18–25; single-blind crossover with placebo earlier and creatine later, randomized limb. Favorable preservation findings; tiny sample and design differ from the leg study. Full methods and funding not appraised. Published January 2009.
Checked 2026-09-27
Federal health information
NIAMS — sports injury treatment and rehabilitation ↗
Injury type and severity guide treatment and rehabilitation. Does not authorize a supplement regimen, early return to activity, or overriding the treating team.
Checked 2026-09-27
Product offer
CoreAge Rx — Strong Suit current plans ↗
Rendered September 27: 5.6 g scoop with 5 g monohydrate, 30 servings, 5 calories, <1 g carbohydrate and other ingredients none. Plans $39/30, $87/90, $149.94/180 and $228/360 servings. One-time bundles; optional refill terms; shipping over $50. Placeholder testimonials excluded; no order or batch test.
Checked 2026-09-27
Trial abstract
Neves et al. — Creatine with knee osteoarthritis strengthening (2011) ↗
Postmenopausal women, 12 weeks, creatine or placebo alongside strengthening. Timed-stands benefit; pain improved in both groups and leg-press change did not differ. Full methods/funding appraisal not completed.
Checked 2026-09-27
Trial abstract
Osama et al. — Creatine with physical therapy for knee osteoarthritis (2025) ↗
40 people aged 40–70, four weeks, multi-component therapy in both groups. Selected symptom/function benefits, no added knee-ROM or QOL-subscale benefit. Declares no conflicts and no funder role; full-text fetch unavailable for complete appraisal.
Checked 2026-09-27
Clinical background
NIAMS — Osteoarthritis ↗
Official condition and care overview, freshly accessed; does not endorse creatine or a retail supplement for joint repair.
Checked 2026-09-27
Clinical background
NIAMS — Fibromyalgia ↗
Official symptoms, diagnosis and treatment overview; distinguishes individual care from a supplement shopping decision.
Checked 2026-09-27
Trial abstract
Alves et al. — Creatine supplementation in fibromyalgia (2013) ↗
Sixteen-week randomized placebo-controlled trial: muscle phosphorylcreatine and specified force measurements improved; no general change in pain, aerobic conditioning, cognition, sleep or quality of life. No side effects reported in this abstract; no universal safety claim or complete full-text funding appraisal.
Checked 2026-09-27
Provider shipping reference and supplied service information
CoreAge Rx: shipping and service information ↗
Homepage shipping reference; customer service and payment details supplied for this review, without a checkout or timed support test
Checked 2026-10-14
Federal tax guidance; question 14 addresses nutritional supplements
IRS: nutritional supplements and HSA/FSA medical expenses ↗
Federal tax guidance; question 14 addresses nutritional supplements
Checked 2026-10-14